PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
MODULE 1
> Briefly explain the different stages in the translation of a high level language(12)> Explain important translation issues of a high level programming language.
> Explain the activities performed during lexical and syntactic analysis in the translation of a program from source code to machine code.
> What do you mean by
* Orthogonality of a language
* Cost factor of a language
* Operating environment of a language
* Semantic clarity of a language
> What are the purpose of declaration statement?Explain
> Describe the important features of
* Record datatype
* Variant datatype
* Pointer datatype
> Discuss briefly about the four paradigms under which today’s programming languages are classified(12)
> What are the different factors involved in evaluating the cost of a programming language?
> Explain the four computational models that describe the different programming languages available today
> What language features help the programmers in testing and debugging applications?
> Explain the criteria used by programmers for choosing programming languages for various applications.
> What are the basic syntactic criteria for a programming language?
> Explain the general syntactic errors for programming languages.
> What is the use of parse tree in language translation?
> What is the purpose of type checking? When is the type conversion requires? What is coercion? What are the different type checking? Explain with examples.
> What is the use of language standardization?
> Explain what is meant by binding and binding time?
> What are the purpose of declaration of operations?
> What are the different ways by which operations defined for data objects of a given type are implemented?
> What are the properties of types and objects?(12)
> What si persistence?
> Describe the various aspects of specification and implementation of elementary data types.
> What are the general attributes of structured data types?
MODULE 2
> What do you mean by co-routines? Explain its implementation> Explain briefly important aspects of exception handlers
> Explain the implementation of non-local referencing environment based on dynamic scope rules
> Explain the following sequence forms between statements
* Alteration
* Iteration
Give example of both
> What do you mean by structured programming? How is structured sequence control effected in programming languages?
> What are the problems associated with structured sequence control? Explain the various control sequences provided in programming languages for structured sequence control?
> Describe the different aspects of sequence control with expressions
> How are recursive subprograms implemented?
> Explain how sub programs can be considered as abstract oerations?
> Explain name equivalence and structural equivalence.
> Explain the local data and local referencing environments in block structured programs
> Discuss the implementation scheme for simple call-return sub programs
> What is an abstract data type? Give examples
> How can encapsulation be achieved by means of subprograms?
> What is meant by static and dynamic scope? Explain with suitable examples.
> What is data abstraction, information hiding and encapsulation with example(20)
> What are the various storage management techniques?
> Explain block structure based data sharing.
MODULE 3
> Describe the following for the language C++* Data types
* Abstraction
* Structured control statement
* Memory layout of C++ virtual computer
> Briefly explain the special features of LISP
> Compare FORTRAN and PASCAL as two high level languages. Explain why the recursive subprogram is possible in PASCAL while it is not supported by FORTRAN.(14)
> Explain local referencing environment and common environment in FORTRAN.
> Explain sequence control statements of C.
> Briefly compare Ada with C++
> What are primitive and structured data types available in Ada language?
> Discuss the strorage management schemes available in Ada.
> Discuss the sequence control mechanisms available in Ada language
> How inheritance is implemented in Ada?
> Discuss the use of pragma statement in Ada language.
> How exception is handled in Ada?
> What are the functions available for memory operations in C++
> What are the sequence control mechanisms available in Prolog?
> How input/output is handled in PROLOG language?
> Explain the features of PROLOG.
> What is meant by overloading of operators? Discuss how this is achieved in C++ with suitable examples.
> What are the data types available in Pascal language?
> What are the static scope rules associated with a block structured program?
> Discuss the concept of functional programming with respect to LISP language.
> Explain the features of LISP as functional programming language.
> Compare FORTRAN and PASCAL based on (20)
* Data structure support
* Sequence control between statements
* Subprogram facility
* Storage management
* Block structure.
> Explain the important features of any two languages given below(20)
* C++
* LISP
* PROLOG
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